Implications for Risk Measurement-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Basically Compare the Implementation of Operational Risk Management from Basel Acord to Basel II and later to Basel III. Clarify the distinction between the fundamental pointer approach, normalized approach and advance estimation approach for figuring operational hazard capital. Answer: Operational hazard the danger of the misfortune produced from the bombed interior procedures or the lacking and the different frameworks from the outside occasions. Operational hazard is comprehensive of lawful hazard however prohibits the reputational and vital dangers (Walter, 2010). Operational administration on the opposite side is the hazard the board for the operational hazard that I like the hazard the executives procedure. The procedure involves, the appraisal, estimation, recognizable proof, relief, revealing and checking of the dangers brought into the play (Pezier, 2002). Basel agrees are those which are presented by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), which is a board of trustees of the banking administrative specialists which was fused by the national bank governors of the ten gathering nations in the year 1975. The sole explanation was to give rules to banking guidelines. Basel 1, 2 and 3 start from this advisory group with an endeavor to improve banking believability through broadened bank oversight countrywide. The Basel 1 was brought into spot to determine the base proportion of money to the hazard weighted helps for the banks, while the Basel 2 was made to present the administrative obligations and thusly stretch out the measures to fortify the base capital prerequisite. The Basel 3 was set up to have the option to advance the pith for liquidity cradles which an extra layer of value (Wahlstrm, 2009). The three are totally unique in relation to one another dependent on different angles when they are assessed. The paper will investigate the distinctions existing between the 3 Basel mandates. From the underlying preparing of the Basel, every mandate had the sole motivation behind the foundation. The Basel 1 primary job was of count of a base capital necessity for the banks inside their purview. The Basel 2 was set up to bring into the game the duties of oversight and expand the base capital necessity presented by the Basel 1. Then again, Basel 3 was brought to being to indicate the extra cushion of value to be maintained by the banks (Lam, 2013). As to dangers with respect to different Basels, Basel 1 stays to be the negligible hazard center when contrasted with the other Basel. At Basel 2 is the point at which a 3 column way to deal with the administration of hazard was presented. What's more, to manage more dangers raising an evaluation of condensing hazard was presented among different dangers that had been presented (Belluz, et al, 2010). The Basel didn't so much get like the dangers they respected while actualizing the equivalent. The general hazard was credit chance that was considered at the Basel 1. In the Basel 2, different dangers were put under examines, for example, the reputational, activity and the vital dangers which would influence the banks. Basel 3 was not even more another face in the order gave since the main hazard that was added to the rundown was the liquidity dangers for the business at that point (Pezier, 2002). When contrasted with different Basels, Basel 1 is in reverse looking since it just considered those advantages which were in the current arrangement of the banks right now. Basel 2 was opposite of the Basel 1 as it was forward-looking as it was capital hazard delicate. The Basel 3s future dangers consistency is forward-looking as the macroeconomic condition factors are set up in the expansion of the individual bank models (Moosa, 2007). Another regular distinction is likewise the capital structure. The Basel 1 is characterized as the administrative capital which suggests for the consistency for all, while Basel 2 is about the hazard weighted capital when contrasted with Basel 3 which managed the repetitive money to guarantee the cyclic and the varieties in the market (Chapelle, et al, 2004). The variety between Basel 1, 2 and 3 accords is the variety in the target wherein they are set up to cherish. Be that as it may, they are explored to oversee banking dangers in light quickly influencing the worldwide business environ, in spite of the fact that they are diverse in prerequisite and norms. With the proceeded with headways in business incorporations and globalization, the banks are interrelated over the globe. Also, in the occasion the banks take uncalculated hazard, heartbreaking circumstances may emerge of the monstrous measure of assets that are included and the negative effect can be scattered in different countries. Such budgetary emergency started in the year 2008 which caused an exceptionally significant financial misfortune is a genuine model (Chernobai, et al, 2008). References: Belluz, D.D.B., F, J. what's more, S, B.J., 2010. Operational hazard the executives. Undertaking Risk Management, pp.279-301. Chapelle, A., C, Y., H, G. also, P, J.P., 2004. Basel II and Operational Risk: Implications for chance estimation and the executives in the money related area. Chernobai, A.S., S.T. what's more, F, .J. 2008. Operational hazard: a manual for Basel II capital necessities, models, and examination (Vol. 180). John Wiley Sons. Lam, J., 2013. Operational Risk Management. Undertaking Risk Management: From Incentives to Controls, Second Edition, pp.237-270. Moosa, I.A., 2007. Operational hazard the board. Palgrave Macmillan. Pezier, J., 2002. Operational hazard the board (No. icma-dp2002-21). Henley Business School, Reading University. Pezier, J., 2002. A productive audit of Basel's proposition on operational hazard (No. icma-dp2002-20). Henley Business School, Reading University. Wahlstrm, G., 2009. Hazard the board versus operational activity: Basel II in a Swedish setting. The board Accounting Research, 20(1), pp.53-68. Walter, K., 2010. Operational Risk Management.

Learning Disabilities Essay -- Disabilities Education Mental Health Es

Learning Disabilities This semester we have invested most of our energy finding out about and talking about how we can best help outstanding understudies. Huge numbers of these understudies are people with learning dissabilities. In spite of the fact that it would be hard for each instructor to comprehend the differentiations, manifestations, shortcomings and qualities of each handicap, it tends to be useful to have a general information on the handicaps that may thwart an understudies capacity to learn. Not at all like different handicaps like loss of motion and visual impairment, a learning inability (LD) is a shrouded handicap. A learning inability doesn't deform or leave obvious signs that would welcome others to be understanding or on the other hand offer help (Council for Exceptional Children (CEC),1999). In this manner as educators it will be our duty to give that understanding and support for those youngsters previously analyzed and furthermore be aware of the notice signs that might be indications of a formerly undetected incapacity. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (NIMH, 1999) depicts learning inabilities as follows: LD is a turmoil that impacts people groups capacity to either decipher what they see and hear or to interface data from various pieces of the mind. These restrictions can appear from various perspectives. As explicit troubles with communicated in and composed language, coordination, poise, or then again consideration. Such challenges reach out to class work and can hinder figuring out how to peruse or compose or to do math. Learning incapacity can be long lasting conditions that, at times, influence numerous pieces of a people life: school or work, day by day schedules, family life, and here and there even fellowships. In certain individuals, many covering learning inabilities might be obvious. Others may have a solitary segregated learning issue that has little effect on different territories of their lives (National Center for Learning Disabilities (NCLD), 1999). It is imperative to recollect that the term learning handicap doesn't have any significant bearing to understudies who have learning issues that are essentially the consequence of visual or then again hearing issues, mental hindrance, passionate issues, or distraught because of their condition, culture or monetary foundation (US Branch of Education (USDE), 1999). Recognizing what establishes a LD is just the start. Diagnosing and treating a learning incapacity isn't... ... American Psychiatric Association (APA: 1994). Analytic and factual manual of mental issue (fourth release). Washington DC: Author. Committee for Exceptional Children: Division of Learning Disabilities. (1999). Gathering for Exceptional Children landing page. [On line]. Accessible: http://www.cec.sped.org/home.htm Committee for Learning Disabilities. (1999). Gathering for Learning Disabilities landing page. [On line]. Accessible: http:/www. coe.winthrop. edu/cld Learning Disabilities Association on America. (1998). Learning Disabilities Association on America landing page. [Online]. Accessible: http://www.ldanatl.org National Center for Learning Disabilities. (1999). National Center for Learning Disabilities landing page. [Online]. Accessible: http://www.ncld.org National Institute of Mental Health. (1999). National Institute of Mental Health landing page. [Online]. Accessible: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/home.htm The International Dyslexia Association. (1999). The International Dyslexia Association landing page. [Online]. Accessible: http.interdys.org U. S. Division of Education. (1999). People with Disabilities Education Act landing page. [Online]. Accessible: http://www.ed.gov/

What is a Business Report

What is a Business Report A business report is a well organized printed statement, which contains facts related to business matters. This report gives you an insight into all the ups and downs of the business that helps you create new business improvement strategies. An employee makes a report and submits to the related top person. Its the level of authority that depends upon the subject and usage of a business report. What should be the Characteristics of Business Report:- Summary What should be the Characteristics of Business Report:-Specific IssuePre-Specified AudienceWrite on Past EventsNeutral in NatureFactual InformationJoint EffortOrder PresentationBusiness Report ExampleHow to Structure a Business Report1.Title Page2. Summary3. Table of Contents4. Introduction5. Methods and Findings6. Conclusions and Recommendations7.  References8. AppendicesTake help from the professionals Business reports carry information on reality related to Business Performance. Every business report is distinctive from others. Specific Issue Every report is involving particular subjects. It is writing to the main purpose. Pre-Specified Audience The number of audiences is minimal in case of Business report writing. So this is the most crucial factor to keep the audience behavior in your mind while writing a report. Specific Structure or Layout: In the particular structure is followed by a particular structure or format. The layout or structure of the report is always the same in every case. Write on Past Events In most of the cases, the reports are written on past events. Most of the business report carries the reason for happening the incident. Neutral in Nature In drafting reports, impartiality is maintained. No biased material is included in it. The one-sided report may lead to tragic decisions. Factual Information The Business report is always written based on accurate information. The data collected on specific events are real, not divided. Joint Effort A report depends on the joint efforts of a group of people. No one can person prepare a business report. In these days in most of the cases, a committee is formed containing three to seven people. they appoint a report on a specific event. Order Presentation The information of a report is presented order. So the audience can give his need information from where it is located. Business Report Example For the best examples of the business, reports go to study.com They have tons of examples which help you to create an eye-catching report. How to Structure a Business Report The business report will depend on what you are writing about. There is a general structure most of the report should follow. 1.Title Page The report should feature a title page. The title itself should be clear. You should include your name and date of the report on the title page. 2. Summary Most of the report begins with a review of the points, including: What the report is about. Which used the analysis method used.The finding of the reportRecommendation 3. Table of Contents The short report may not need a table content if you have included a summary. The report should set out the structure. You may also want to number the selection. 4. Introduction It will set out a brief report; this section should include. Background information.The purpose of the reportits scope what the report will cover. 5. Methods and Findings You have conducted the original research, include a section about your methods. After this method, you will need to explain your findings. This section will present the results, making sure to cover all of the main points. Using headings to the conductor the reader through your data. Using charts and meanwhile, can help get information. The reader knows that how they relate to the text. 6. Conclusions and Recommendations The last section of your report will cover the conclusion and recommendations. The conclusion section should summarise. You should also recommend a potential course of action based on your outcome, the objectives are placed out in your brief. 7.  References You have used any party sources while writing your report. This could incorporate different reports, scholastic articles, or even news reports. The key is to demonstrate the peruser what you have put together your discoveries and ends with respect to. 8. Appendices At last, you may have accumulated additional documentation during your examination, for example, talk with transcripts, showcasing material, or money related information, counting the majority of this in your first report. You will make it inordinately long and unfocused; however, you can add it to a reference section toward the finish of the record. It will at that point be accessible should your peruser need to see it. Take help from the professionals Sometimes writing a report is very overwhelming because of the deadlines. If you face the same problem then dont be afraid, just take help from the business report writing professionals those are serving Business Report Writing help from many years.

Research Project Advocating For Social Change Essay

Scholar Practitioner Project: Advocating for Social Change A few extra pounds does not suggest one is obese. However it can mean that one does have a tendency to gain weight very quickly. This usually means that there is a more serious need for more diet and exercise. In order for a child to be considered, they have to weight 10 percent higher than what is recommended for their body type and height. Obesity occurs mainly between the ages of 5 or 6 and sometimes during adolescence. Many Americans go thorough being obese during childhood. Doctors have started calling childhood obesity an epidemic. This is because there are a large number of children diagnosed as being obese each year. A small percentage of children, 1% to be exact are actually obese due to health related issues. During the past 30 years childhood obesity has quadrupled in children and adolescents (Ogden, et.al., 2014). â€Å"The percentage of children aged 6–11 years in the United States who were obese increased from 7% in 1980 to nearly 18% in 2012. Similarly, the percentage of adolescents aged 12–19 years who were obese increased from 5% to nearly 21% over the same period† (Ogden, et.al., 2014). During the year of 2012, there were one-third of children who were obese. Having an excessive amount of body weight has been defined as being â€Å"overweight.† The excess body weight is a combination of muscle, water, fat and bone (National Institute of Health, 2010). An excess amount of body fat is what professionals callShow MoreRelatedRole Of A Advocate Role Public Interest Groups And Social Workers1496 Words   |  6 Pages 0884046 Political Process and Social Work AHSS 1190 Dennis Long November 9th, 2014 One of the primary objectives in a representative democracy is to cater to the publics need by understanding the issues of concern and constructive criticisms. In order for needs to be met or negotiated, groups of like-minded individuals form in hopes to influence the government’s direction by voicing their opinions. Public interest groups take on this role to enforce change that they believe serves the public’sRead MoreSuicide Is A Serious Issue1679 Words   |  7 PagesSuicide is one of the largest social problems today affecting many lives in one way or another. 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These people saw a need for change, a need for transformation, and wanted to revolutionize the world. They effectively altered the way society operated and viewed a particular population of people by advocating on their behalf and enlisting their counterparts in the community such as government and nonprofit organizations, political figures, and other activist to help

Georges, The And The Axis During World War II - 2484 Words

General S. Patton once said, â€Å"Never tell people how to do things. Tell them what to do and they will surprise you with their ingenuity.† Some may argue that his life was cut short while others may say it was too long. Being a man who fought in World War I and World War II, George S. Patton, Jr. certainly contained a wealth of experience in warfare. Looking at the written history, there were those who seemed to undervalue Patton, as well as those who may have held him much too high. Researchers have many different opinions on Patton’s’ leadership, but the research here will encompass both the positive and the negative aspects of his leadership and surrounding issues while addressing the following questions: 1. How was Patton as a leader? 2. Patton versus Politics – Did this hold back his true potential? 3. How was Patton viewed by the Allies and the Axis during World War II? The research put forth will focus on these three questions. George Smith Patton, Jr. was born November 11, 1885, well over one hundred years ago. He is famously known for somewhat outrageous personality and his conduct as a general during World War II. The family he was born into was wealthy and one with a very extensive military background, with family members having participated in the Revolutionary War, Mexican War, as well as the Civil War. This may explain a little about Patton’s almost obsessive study of military history ranging from the Romans to the Napoleonic Wars (CMG Worldwide, Inc., n.d.). HeShow MoreRelatedThe Letter Of A Confederate Surgeon1440 Words   |  6 Pagesmotivation for Southerners to both fight and continue fighting in the American Civil War was hope. From the inception of the war, the South had major disadvantages compared to the North in almost every aspect of war; however, Confederates had remarkable confidence in the face of such weaknesses. The Union did have similar sureness in themselves, but the Confederacy displayed noteworthy hope throughout the entire war that was not expected under their circumstances. The Confederacy was outnumbered in

100s of Dissertation Topics across 28 Subject areas Free Essays

100s of Dissertation Topics across 28 subject areas with Dissertation Examples. Free consultation and custom Dissertation Topic. 1000s of Happy students. We will write a custom essay sample on 100s of Dissertation Topics across 28 Subject areas or any similar topic only for you Order Now We helped so many students over the years and at our site we continue to keep this tradition alive. Our students come to us for help including Dissertation Topics and Thesis help. Students also reach out to us to ask for Dissertation Ideas because that gives them a way to get started. We have compiled a list of over 900+ Dissertation Topics that span across 28 different fields of study. Here you will find a lot of ideas including how you can get started on writing your Dissertation or Proposal. Just as a starting point, keep in mind that Dissertations typically take one of two forms, focusing either upon collecting and analyzing primary data or upon appraising secondary data only. Either type can be appropriate to your area of study. our site writers will be glad to write a dissertation or thesis on any of the topics listed above. Don’t see a particular field of study or need help coming up with new topics that might not be covered by these 900 topics. No problem, you are in luck, go ahead and directly interact with our site writers by submitting your questions. Here is another great news for you. We don’t believe in charging you for topics, hence FREE Dissertation Topics can be provided to you by our experts. Go ahead and submit your questions and interact with Writers today. You are further in luck. our site offers payment system, so when you place your order, by submitting only 50% down payment, our Writers will start to work on your order immediately. You will be provided a partial document upon your deadline and once you are satisfied, you can obtain the remaining document by paying the remaining dues. Sports Dissertation Topics – 90 Topics A degree in Sports Science could assist students seeking to build a career in sports therapy, coaching, development or personal training. 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Larry Flint Essay Example For Students

Larry Flint Essay Larry FlyntInfamous pornographer and free-speech activist Larry Flynt has brought about controversy for nearly 30 years. As the editor of Hustler magazine, Flynt has publicized pornographic obscenities in several manors. By doing this, he has challenged Americas interpretation of the First Amendment, insisted that freedom of speech include obscenities and pornography, and made the anti-porn activists and feminists fight for constitutional protection from obscenity. Larry Flynt was born on November 1, 1942. Coming from a broken home, he later joined the military under false age. Flynt was discharged and after several unsuccessful jobs, went back to serve for five years on the U.S.S. Enterprise. After the Navy he moved to Dayton, Ohio where he bought a bar and turned it into a successful strip club. In the next year, Flynt opened similar clubs in 4 different Ohio cities and sent out newsletters to his clientele. Soon, Flynt set out to make his own mens magazine. In 1974 he released the first issue of Hustler magazine. Hustler was different from other pornographic magazines. It prided itself on hard core depictions of raw sex, which often included graphic nude photos of disabled, pregnant, and elderly women. One issue featured nude pictures of former First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, while another depicted a woman being feed into a meat grinder.# Anti-porn activists and feminists started to speak out about the controversial issues behind the explicit Hustler magazine. This is a magazine bought by pubescent boys with untempered curiosity about sexual perversions, and by adults with insatiable curiosity about sexual perversions, adults who would read monthlies serializing the Marquis de Sade, if they were more literate.# Some people tend to disagree with the feminist views of such magazines as Hustler. Women have the right to be free from discrimination not only in the workplace and in the classroom but in the bedroom as well Women should not be seen as victims in their own sexual relations with men but as equally assertive partners, just as capable of experiencing sexual pleasure.# With this new hard-core, pornographic magazine out, much controversy came about on whether or not there should be any censorship to pornography. As soon as Hustler hit the stands, Flynt had been bombarded with lawsuits. He was charged with many counts of pandering obscenity and organized crime in May, 1976. The case was significant because it suggested that individual communities had the right to define obscenity.# These court cases again questioned our First Amendment rights for both sides of the controversy. Should we be constitutionally protected from obscenities? Feminists and anti-porn activists would say yes. To them, pornography is a type of media which degrades women and throws it in the faces of the public. What they are fighting for is that freedom of speech and press allow protection from obscenity in favor of the women and of the innocent eyes. Without this exploitation, published for profit, the male writer feels censored. The woman lynched naked on a tree, or restrained with ropes and a ball gag in her mouth, has what? Freedom of what?#Others would argue that freedom of speech and press should not have boundaries or limitations. They have a strong opposition to the censorship of pornography. Many feel pornography is portraying women as equals to men with their sexuality, while some feel pornography is an ex pression, like art. Larry Flynt, pornographers, and those who are anti-censorship feel as if their freedom of speech is being challenged. Flynt said, I realized that freedom of expression could never be taken for granted.# Over the years, the controversy has still been debated, but Flynt has set his sights on a recent headline. Since the Monica Lewinsky scandal, Flynt has sided with Clinton. He has offered up to $1 million to anyone able to provide evidence of illicit sexual relations with a congressman, senator or other prominent officeholder.# Flynt received over 2000 replies to his offer, in which two stories were of strong interest to him. His first story included Bob Livingston, a Republican in line for speaker of the house. Livingston resigned from his position, making a vague admission of marital infidelity, Livingston complained about having been Larry Flynted, but a full-on Flynting promises to be a far more excruciating experience one supported by embarrassingly specific evidence for which Flynt is paying nicely.# There are several opinions toward Flynts harsh tactics against politicians. Some see him as a pervert saint, sacrificing his freedom for our liberty.# The opposing believe that, there is no place in America for his despicable, brutish politics of blackmail.# Flynt has his own reasons for exploiting politicians like Livingston and defending Clinton. You can have a front-page story published about oral sex in the newspaper, but you put a photograph of two people making love out there and you can go to jail. That says a lot about a society that condones violence and condemns sex. So I think the problem is not just the politicians, its the country as a whole. Its got to come to grips with sexuality.# Nearly 30 years ago, Larry Flynt became the notorious pornography martyr, responsible for Americans questioning the meaning of the First Amendment. For years to come freedom of expression will be argued, should there or should there not be censors hip of pornography? Court case to court case might tell but, some believe that we will never agree on anything for sure and it may depend on what the case is directly ruling on. Majority rule only works if youre also considering individual rights. Because you cant have five wolves and one sheep voting on what to have for supper,# says Flynt. He believes that, Its not money, its not politicsits who controls the *censored* that controls the world.#Bibliography# Works CitedLarry Flynt, Biography.com, January 26, 2001, (January 29, 2001). .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 , .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 .postImageUrl , .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 , .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878:hover , .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878:visited , .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878:active { border:0!important; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878:active , .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878 .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u314e526b3a4ca2a34607d77346ed5878:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: African Americans In The South Essay Buckley Jr., William F., The Honored Guest, National Review, June 14, 1999, vol. 51, issue 11, 58. Strossen, Nadine, The Perils of Pornophobia, in Conversations, ed. John Selzer (Massachusetts: Allyn Bacon, 2000) 595. Dworkin, Andrea , Reply to John Irving, in Conversations, ed. John Selzer (Massachusetts: Allyn Bacon, 2000) 592. Richardson, John H. , Larry Flynt, Esquire, March 1999, 116. Strauss, Neil, Checking in with Larry Flynt, Rolling Stone, February 18, 1999, 41. Human Sexuality

Other Minds Essays (2363 words) - Philosophy,

Other Minds annon The problem of Other Minds is a truephilosophical enigma. It is apt to strike children with no philosophical education whatsoever, yet remains intractable to many academics. Broadly speaking, the problem can be divided into three questions. Firstly, how do I come to believe that there are minds in the world other than my own? Secondly, how can I justify my belief that there are minds in the world other than my own? Thirdly, what can I state about the mental states of minds other than my own?. The question we are dealing with here falls largely into the third category, although of course issues relating to the other two will also be involved. Firstly, it is imperative to assert that, in looking for knowledge, we are not aiming for logical certainties - we are not aiming to show that any propositions about other minds can be demonstrated with absolute certainty equivalent to that of mathematical truths. Philosophy ever since Descartes has tended to be defined by scepticism: either it aims to produce sceptical theories or it aims to refute them. And sceptics tend towards extremity in their doubts. It must be stated here and now that there are not, and never can be, any theories that prove demonstratively that other minds exist, or that I know others mental states. This is not what should be aimed at in attempting to solve the problem. As Austin puts it To suppose that the question How do I know that Tom is angry? is meant to mean How do I introspect Toms feelings? is simply barking up the wrong gum-tree. Most philosophers agree that their theories only bestow a greater or lesser amount of probability onto statements about other minds (although there are exceptions, e.g. Peter Strawsons attempt to argue transcendentally for the existence of other minds through our own self-consciousness). There have been a number of different attempts to do this. J.S. Mill, who produced the first known formulation of the Other Minds problem, used the so-called Argument from Analogy both to explain how we come to believe in other minds and to justify this belief. Briefly, the argument holds that I am directly aware of mental states in myself, and I am aware of the behaviour of mine that results from and is caused by these mental states. As I can observe similar physical behaviour in others, I draw the analogy that it is caused by the same (or at least similar) mental states to my own. As in all arguments from analogy, I assume that because x is similar to y in some respects, it will be similar in others. So as I know how I behave if I am feeling, say, angry, I assume in someone elses case that his behaviour is an indication of the mental state I call anger. My opinion in this respect is aided by the fact that most humans behaviour when they claim to be angry is broadly similar. The argument from analogy, also employed by Bertrand Russell in a slightly simplified form, is subject to a devastating criticism. Unlike most analogies, in the case of other minds, there is no conceivable way of verifying the conclusion we make. We have no way of discovering whether someone else is angry or not, and our position means that this is a necessary disadvantage. The only way to have someone elses experiences would to become that person, and in doing that, I would no longer be myself and I would no longer be having someone elses experiences. Thus it is impossible to conceive of any set of experimental circumstances under which I would be able to ascertain whether or not the human who is expressing anger-behaviour really is angry or not. And as Norman Malcolm has pointed out, as there are no conceivable criteria I could use to determine whether someone is angry or not, simply claiming that they are angry is a meaningless statement. Many philosophers, perceiving this fatal flaw in the argument from analogy, have attempted to produce theories on other minds that are not based on analogy. Malcolm himself held that the problem lies in the belief that in looking for evidence of other minds, we need to start off from our own case and then look for evidence that other cases resemble my own in other humans. He claimed, characteristically following Wittgenstein, that statements about mental states in others have no special status but rather that they are primitive, natural expressions of the state in question. In other words, 'my leg hurts' is equivalent

de kleine blonde dood essays

de kleine blonde dood essays Het onderwerp van de tekst is in het begin de relatie tussen Boudewijn en zijn vader en later zijn zoontje Micky. Ik vind het beide wel interessante onderwerpen, maar als het over zijn vader gaat, vind ik het soms een beetje saai. Dat is vaak hetzelfde. Ik vind dat de schrijver het onderwerp goed uitwerkt. Hij vertelt alles op een manier zodat je helemaal in het verhaal opgaat, omdat hij het vertelt zo als hij het meemaakt. Ik denk wel eens na over de onderwerpen oorlog en het overlijden van een kind, en door dit boek zijn mijn gedachten daarover niet veranderd. Ik denk dat de belangrijkste gebeurtenissen zijn de woedeaanvallen van Boudewijns vader, dat Boudewijn in een psychiatrisch ziekenhuis komt en later in een gewoon ziekenhuis. En later in het verhaal dat Boudewijn een zoontje krijgt, dat Boudewijns vader overlijdt en dat daarna Boudewijns zoontje overlijdt. De gebeurtenissen zijn allemaal goed gedetailleerd en duidelijk beschreven, heel uitgebreid. De gebeurtenissen worden allemaal door de hoofdpersoon zelf verteld, dus de gedachten en gevoelens van de hoofdpersoon spelen denk ik een even grote rol als de gebeurtenissen want het gaat allemaal over hetzelfde en is dus ook wel even belangrijk. De gebeurtenis die de meeste indruk op mij heeft gemaakt is wanneer Micky overlijdt in het ziekenhuis. Dat vond ik zo zielig, dat Boudewijn zelf moest beslissen of Micky bleef leven of niet, heel ontroerend. De hoofdpersoon van dit verhaal is Boudewijn en andere belangrijke personen zijn vader Rainer (als Boudewijn het over zijn jeugd heeft) en zijn zoontje Micky (als hij het over de tijd vlak voor Mickys dood heeft). Rainer is de vader van Boudewijn, Micky is het zoontje van Boudewijn. De belangrijkste gebeurtenissen zijn in het begin de woedeaanvallen van Boudewijns vader, dat Boudewijn in een psychiatrisch ziekenhuis wordt opgenomen en daarna blindedarmontsteking krijgt. En ...

Electronic and Internet Public Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Electronic and Internet Public Relations - Essay Example It has now become a necessity to integrate computer-mediated communication (CMC) with the PR mix of an organization. In the field of PR, internet makes it possible to communicate with various key constituencies without the message being altered by the media. The traditional channels are eliminated and direct communication with the audience is possible. The proliferation of the internet has allowed easier and faster access to information by the people as more than 50% homes in the US and the UK are internet-connected (Holtz, 2006). The internet has moved beyond a one-way channel for information and the speed of the internet, interactivity and the crossing of national borders make it highly attractive to public relations practitioners as a communication strategy tool (Hurme, 2001). Internet is different from World Wide Web (WWW) because in the WWW it is possible to place the advertising material like the company balance sheets or annual reports or new releases (Jo & Jung, 2005). WWW can be used as a distribution channel to reduce or eliminate distribution costs for products. Consumers can browse through the website and extract information before purchasing a product or service but this is only a one-way communication. The Web has been bifurcated into three different braches due to the social and technological changes that have taken place. These include the reference web which typically gives out information to the surfers, the collaborative web – through which the users share information and becomes a publisher on the net. The third is the broadband web which has turned the web into an audio and video venue (Holtz, 2006). Internet has thus been exploited in different ways to build and enhance the PR that an organization wants to build. Internet as a tool for PR can enhance media relations, employee communication, government relations and customer relations, due to its interactive function

The Arab Spring Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Arab Spring - Essay Example The anti-government protests and demonstrations were made not only by Arabs but also Africans. The word â€Å"spring† is an allusion or reference to water being a welcome development in the mostly arid geography of the MENA (the Middle East and North Africa) region. Other similar protests, uprisings, and rebellions were termed as â€Å"The Velvet Revolution† and the â€Å"People Power Revolution† (depending on the degree of peacefulness or violence) in other countries. Arab Spring started innocently enough in Tunisia when a street fruit vendor immolated (burned alive) himself to protest the lack of jobs for poor people like him. This vendor named Mohamed Bouazizi was reportedly a college graduate who could not find any decent job for himself to feed his family. Soon other protesters took up his cause and led to the downfall of long-time Tunisian president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. The events in Tunisia were soon copied by people in other countries like in Egypt (ousted two presidents), in Libya (where Gaddafi was eventually killed in the civil war with foreign military intervention), in Yemen (where its president handed over power to a national unity coalition), and still on-going in some places like in Syria (a full-scale civil war), street protests in Saudi Arabia, Mauritania, and Sudan, in demonstrations against the governments in Bahrain and the UAE (United Arab Emirates), or constitutional reforms implemented in Jordan, Lebanon, Oman, Kuwait, e tc. to stop protests. Historians, academicians, political scientists, and media practitioners are offering their own opinions and theories on why the Arab Spring had taken place in the MENA region at a particular time in this region's history. There is a real danger of civil uprisings turning into a full-scale civil war with the result of the country becoming a failed state like that in Somalia where there is no central governing authority and the country becomes a lawless place. Another risk is the Arab Spring could also be hijacked by other extremist or Islamist groups that will integrate themselves in the uprising and then later on grabbing the leadership of the movements when they think it is already right to do so and move it away from the original objectives of trying to obtain liberal democracy. The Arab world is known for its historical democratic deficit because of so many long-standing institutional control structures that hinder the introduction of meaningful changes in a nation (Chaney et al., 2012:363). The influential social, political, and religious structures had been in place for many centuries already since the Arab armies conquered these countries and to also introduce Islam wherever they went at that time in history. Many of these historical events are still exerting influential and enduring effects so that introducing change is very difficult.   

Community Based Correctional Systems Criminology Essay

Community Based Correctional Systems Criminology Essay Community corrections is an umbrella phrase, which includes everything from intermediate punishments to pre-trial diversion. A community correctional system includes any non-incarcerative, but supervised way of handling offenders who have already been convicted or who are facing conviction. Parole and probation are the most renowned forms of community corrections, but the phrase also includes: electronic monitoring, home confinement, work release, day fine programs, restitution, halfway houses, check-in programs, community services, community based correctional facilities and curfews. In Ohio, community corrections refer to a system of particular facilities, which provide non-residential and residential services to a convicted offender. A good example of a community based correctional system in Ohio is the Western Ohio Regional Treatment and Rehabilitation Center (W.O.R.T.H. Center). This paper will attempt to cite the strength and weaknesses of the W.O.R.T.H. Center. I will also exp lain whether or not this system serves the community better than institutional correctional systems. Discussion The W.O.R.T.H. Center, just like other community based correctional systems in the United States, receives funds from the state, but, it is based in and operated by the local community in Ohio. In addition to this, this center is a male and female community based correctional facility, which houses criminals for a period not exceeding six months. This center provides an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦intermediate residential sanction at the front end of the system between prison and probation, known as diversion and re-integration services at the tail end of the system between parole and prison, known as transitionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Bronstein, 2005). The W.O.R.T.H. Center has various programs that are aimed at fully rehabilitating the offenders such as: moral reconation therapy, skills class, chemical dependency, substance abuse, AA meetings, educational services, job readiness, money management, anger management, domestic violence, public service, parenting classes, Bible study, recreation, and community meetings. Each program is highly structured with evaluation, treatment, follow-up services such as transitional counseling (W.O.R.T.H Center, 2011). The offenders who effectively complete the program at this facility normally continue on non-residential probation that is supervised for a certain period of time. And those offenders who do not are sent to jail. Offenders sentenced to the W.O.R.T.H. Center are normally felony low level felony offenders or probation offenders who are otherwise headed to jail or prison. Rather than being sentenced to jail, such offenders are diverted into centers such as the W.O.R.T.H. Center where they receive severe treatment for education, chemical dependency, family relations or employment assistance. In numerous ways, the W.O.R.T.H. Center is similar to a conventional prison setting since it is a residential placement with very little freedom to actually move around. However, this facility has minimum security operations, which houses between fifty and two hundred male and female offenders, so it is somewhat smaller than most jails and offers to some extent, more freedom to the offender. Community based correctional system such as the W.O.R.T.H. Center is believed to be an evident improvement over conventional corrections programs for humanitarian reasons. The W.O.R.T.H. Center can be considered humanitarian because it provides less serious male and female offenders with choices, which allow them to continue with various elements of their lives. In addition to this, this community based correctional facility is also humanitarian because it avoids many of the negative effects of incarcerations such as stigmatization, damage to mental or physical health as well as constant exposure to criminal peers (Bronstein, 2005). Another advantage of the W.O.R.T.H. Center is that it offers opportunities to be more responsive to the needs of victims, offenders and the community at large. For instance, the restorative resolution program in the W.O.R.T.H. Center is a community alternative to imprisonment. This program targets lawbreakers who are facing a prison term of about six months or at times even nine months. Another sentencing plan is developed for lawbreakers referred to this program that aims to tackle the individual needs of the lawbreaker as well as address victim concerns. Another advantage is that the community programs at this facility are more effective than prison or incarceration. Effectiveness can be measured in terms of avoiding exposure to undesirable effects, reducing recidivism as well as promoting the successful re-integration of offenders into the community (Bloomberg, 2000). Moreover, the cost of running the W.O.R.T.H. Center is not as costly as conventional prison. However, the W.O.R.T.H. Center is not without its weaknesses. This community based correctional facility appears to have very little impact on the rates of recidivism among the ex-offenders (W.O.R.T.H Center, 2011). In addition to this, since the W.O.R.T.H. Center includes residences or halfway houses where the ex-offenders learn to make the successful transition from prison into society, the residents who live around are naturally kept on a strict curfew. In addition to this, these halfway houses are located in a neighborhood, as opposed to remote locations and this commonly disturbs the residents of that particular neighborhood, who live in fear of being victimized or even threatened by the ex-offenders residing in the halfway houses. Recidivism is the repetition of criminal behavior. Clearly, one objective of community based correctional system such as the W.O.R.T.H. Center is to prevent the offenders from repeating any kind of criminal behavior. In the past, these facilities have been commended for being more effective in reducing recidivism than conventional prison settings since they never take the offender completely out of the community and that they also provide a transition period between the community and the prison (Bronstein, 2005). Ideally, community based correctional systems teach the offender how to be productive and successful members of the community. But, regrettably, some offenders in community based correctional programs do recidivate. The re-arrest, charging and return of criminals to correctional facilities has a public safety advantage and numerous social as well as fiscal costs. Proponents of community based correctional systems argue that community programs are in reality more effective than prison. Effectiveness can be measured in terms of avoiding exposure to undesirable effects, reducing recidivism and so forth. According to Benzy (2004), incarceration is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦not more effective than community corrections in preventing re-offending and treatment programs have been shown to be more effective when delivered in a community settingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. What is more, community based correctional programs spare the offenders numerous negative effects of incarceration. I believe that community based correctional system serves the community better than institutional correctional systems. Community based correctional programs facilitate many of the factors linked with the successful re-integration of the offender into the community. For criminals being released from prison into a community based correctional facility, the benefits of community corrections are rather obvious. Not only is the criminal provided with the chance to steadily re-integrate into society, he or she is able to pursue educational and employment opportunities. Moreover, family ties are better maintained when a criminal is residing at a community based correctional facility rather than a prison. Presently, community based correctional facilities have not been widely accepted by the general public and this opposition manifests itself in numerous ways. For instance, the general public has never fully embraced community corrections programs like fines, probation, full and day parole, intermittent prison sentences and temporary absences. A majority of communities in the United States are unfriendly to the notion of having residential centers such as the does a community based correctional system serves the community better than institutional correctional systems for law offenders located in their midst for fear that adjacent property values will drop and crime will increase, a phenomenon commonly referred to as Not In My Back Yard Syndrome or NIMBY (Benzy, 2004). But, most individuals agree that the current institutional correctional system does not work and many are even willing to consider community based correction systems. Institutional correctional systems such as prisons generally make individuals worse. Presently, nothing much has changed other than that there are many more individuals in prison and our prisons are currently larger and in fact, more destructive of the human personality than before with harsher regimes and fewer programs (Bronstein, 2005). Research reveals that there are only three possible changes in the life of an offender during his or her incarceration in an institutional correctional system: availability of a reasonably supportive job, family upon release, as well as the process of aging that ultimately eradicates criminal behavior as an alternative (Bronstein, 2005). It is rather obvious that in the institutional correctional systems, offenders are incarcerated not to treat them, but for other reasons. Increasingly, such systems are places of punishment and have nothing at all to do with rehabilitation unlike the community-based correctional systems. Conclusion Community based correctional systems offers workable alternatives to incarceration for offenders at different stages of the criminal justice process. The alternatives that are available to the offenders include: alternative measures programs, bail supervision programs, fine options programs, restitution programs, probation, community service order, parole and so on. The community based correctional system serves the community better than institutional correctional systems since the offenders are given a chance to steadily re-integrate into society, pursue educational and employment opportunities and in general, be more productive in the community.

Clash of the Titans: a Movie Review

Clash of the Titans â€Å"One day, somebody's gonna have to make a stand. One day, somebody's gonna have to say enough. † Louis Leterrier made a stand in directing the 2010 action-adventure, fantasy film entitled â€Å"Clash of the Titans†, a remake of 1981’s campy classic. This is a set in Argos, a Greek city, where a war is about to explode among men and gods, starring Sam Worthington who plays the role of Perseus, a demigod and the mortal son of Zeus whose task is to defeat the Kraken.The movie started with a narration that introduces the three Olympians who battled the Titans long ago: the brothers Zeus (Liam Neeson), Poseidon (Danny Huston), and Hades (Ralph Fiennes). Hades provided the means of defeating the Titans with his creation, the Kraken. After the Titans' defeat, Zeus created humans and ruled them while Poseidon ruled the sea, but Hades, having been deceived by Zeus, was forced to rule the Underworld. The day came when a man whose born a god but rai sed as a man named Perseus witness a group of soldiers from Argos destroying a statue of Zeus as a declaration of war against the gods.His adoptive parents, Spyros (Pete Postlethwaite) and Marmara (Elizabeth McGovern), and sister, Tekla (Sinead Michael) were killed when Hades devastated their fishing boat. Perseus was not able to save his family. The surviving soldiers take Perseus to Argos. When King Kepheus (Vincent Regan) and Queen Cassiopeia (Polly Walker) of Argos, at a feast for the returning soldiers, compare themselves to the Olympian deities and compare the beauty of their daughter, Andromeda (Alexa Davalos), to that of Aphrodite, Hades appears again, killing the remaining soldiers .He kills the queen, and demands that Argos farther pay for its disrespect and pride; in ten days, the Kraken will be released, and if the princess, Andromeda, is not sacrificed, Argos will be destroyed. Hades then seeks out the gods on Mount Olympus and persuades Zeus to agree with his plan to p unish humanity for their lack of love. Knowing Perseus unaffected by his attack, Hades realized he is a demigod, and tells him of his true father, Zeus. At first, the Argives see Perseus as an agent of the gods and imprison him, but the king later seeks his help.A woman named Io (Gemma Arterton), who has been watching over Perseus his entire life, advises him that the only way to avenge the death of his family is to agree with the king's wish and attempt to defeat the Kraken. This was the beginning of Perseus’ great escapade. When Perseus and other soldiers try to kill Medusa (Natalia Vodianova), the Gordon, in the underworld, was a great and terrifying part of the film. The massive set design of this film gave a big impact to me as a viewer. It makes me feel how hard the paths and challenges Perseus overcome.It seemed so true. While watching it, I was trying to imagine myself as one soldier there and I felt so scared and said to myself that if I were there, I will give up ea sily. No wonder why â€Å"Clash of the Titans† nominated in Character Animation in a Live Action Production in Annie Award and in Best Fantasy Film in Saturn Award in 2011. Just as awesome as the set design were the actors. Sam Worthington played a very crucial role as a strong-willed Perseus. His portrayal of the demigod depends more on his courage and strength than his boyish good looks.Gemma Arterton who played as Io made her as a nominee in Choice Movie: Breakout Female in Teen Choice Award in 2010. â€Å"There’s a god in you. Be sure to bring it. † This film shows we have to accept the gifts God gave to us and use it in a good way. Specials gifts have the purpose why we possessed some of it. It also shows that life was not easy but, God is always there to guide and help us. This film is great, from the actors to designs. Everyone should watch this because it teaches bravery and strength.

Life unworthy of life: phobia and Mass murder in hitlers’ Germany

James M. Glass was known for his expertise in politics and psychology of illusion. Glass’ interests include political theory, philosophy, and political psychology. His current researches also include about the study of the psychological preconditions for engagement with civil society.This is the reason why he was able to come up with a written narrative regarding the historical background on the Nazi regime. As a result, the historical account that has been written by the particular author is a fine display of the history of the people of the time of Hitler.About the BookIn Hitler’s regime, it could be seen and imagined how hard the individual Jews struggled for their survival. If the situation would be compared to the present society today, it could be observed that the present society is already lucky it is   not experiencing what the Jews have   undergone during the those times.During the time of the German Nazi era, the rules and the code of the government were not merely implemented in good ways. The abusiveness of the power is a mere factor why so many Jewish people suffered the pains and agonies brought about by the regime.They were a part of a community that has freedom and will   to do whatever they wanted to do, but during that time racial discrimination made a big impact and easily affected the German Jews. Glass’ report on the said important account of the situation has mainly pointed out several important factors that contributed to the succession of the history towards the Nazi regime.THE ENLIGHTENMENT: ACTION AND REACTIONIn the time of Hitler’s Dynasty, some of the government officials do not know what the importance of life was. Killing for them is very easy and vigorous, and they did not consider it as a crime. However, today, the situation that happened before has mainly affected the views of the present society regarding their respect of life.This touching history enlightens the people on how they will respec t each other in different ways all over the world. It is a challenge to the people to always remember how the Jews faced the bitterness of political adversary, political error and abusiveness of power by the leader of the nation

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